The fresh new Perception off Kurdish and you may Turkish toward Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect out of Persian Azerbaijan plus the Adjoining Regions
—–. 1989. The Syntax and you can Semantics from Verb Morphology for the Progressive Aramaic: An effective Jewish Dialect of Iraqi Kurdistan. American China Show, 69. The fresh new Sanctuary: American China Society.
Meehan, Charles, and you can Jacqueline Alon. 1979. The Son Whoever Tunic Trapped so you’re able to Your: A Folktale regarding the Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect from Zakho (Iraqi Kurdistan). Israel Oriental Degree 9:174-203.
Sabar, Yona. 1976. Lel-Huza: Tale and you will Background when you look at the a routine off Lamentations into Ninth out of Abdominal throughout the Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect out-of Zakho. JSS -62.
—–. 1988. The ebook away from Exodus in Neo-Aramaic in the Dialect of your own Jewish Society from Zakho [Hebrew]. Jerusalem: Magnes Push.
These types of half dozen binyanim off Syriac were reduced in NENA so you can several basic classes, with a 3rd closely allied into second
Thomason, Sarah Grey, and you can Terrence Kaufman. 1988. Vocabulary Get in touch with, Creolization, and you may Hereditary Linguistics. Berkeley and you can La: Univ. regarding California Push.
The initial category descends from the newest peal, next group regarding pael, and the 3rd, whose vocalism observe that of the next, is derived from the afel
Various other grounds complicating the problem ‘s the differential influences of the some co-territorial dialects. Brand new dialect variations inside Kurdish are very significant, also to its effect will be traced a few of the adaptation certainly NENA languages. Such as for instance, the Jewish Neo-Aramaic out-of Halabja, such as the Kurdish of one’s area, does not differentiate something special and you will upcoming demanding, but where Kurdish retains like a change, very does Neo-Aramaic. In Azerbaijan, Turkish enjoys exerted strong affect the latest Jewish dialect (Garbell 1965b), as well as the dialects of your basic from Mosul tell you a robust influence out-of Arabic not seen elsewhere.
Tkhuma (Tx): What regarding descendants from emigrants from a single of the partial-separate ashirets of southeast Poultry, today resident along the Khabur Area into the Syria. Info is from Jacobi (1973) and you will my personal cards.
(5) Syriac got around three basic spoken stems, the fresh new peal, the fresh pael, together with afel. These types of was additional three passive stems, molded about first ones because of the prefixation off e[Theta]-: new e[Theta]pael, the fresh new elizabeth[Theta]paal, therefore the ettafal. This example can be found through the NENA. In the most common NENA languages, verbs often stay static in the latest verb groups in which these were used in prior to grade of your language. Which is, this new descendant out of a Syriac peal verb might be an effective NENA Class I verb, and you will a good Syriac pael verb might possibly be a NENA Category II verb: such as, Urmi ptaxa ‘open’ out-of earlier peal, and you may sadure ‘send’ away from prior to pael. Although not, when you look at the Jewish Azerbaijani, Halabja, and maybe Koy Sanjaq, the category subscription has been reorganized which can be predictable with the base of your model of brand new stalk as opposed to the historic supply. Such as, from inside the Azerbaijani the brand new C base has got the mode CaCoC- to have sound verbs, any its origin, and you can CCaC- having middle-poor verbs: garosen ‘I have always been pulling’, but kwasan ‘I (f.) are descending’ (Garbell 1965, 64).
(11) Various other very extreme advancement during the NENA ‘s the third individual copula which have l: ile ‘he is’, ila ‘she is’. This form will get derive (Noldeke 1868, 203) from i[Theta] leh ‘he has’, however, no copula adore it can be found exterior NENA. The original and you may second individual don’t have an enthusiastic l, except when you look at the Jewish Azerbaijani, the spot where the l has been general from the paradigm: Jilu iwIt ‘you (masc.) are’, Aradhin i:winnings ‘I (masc.) am’, Azerbai big’ (Garbell 1965, 64). ile is throughout the NENA except during the Halabja, that has -(y)e: yarxa rahamim-ye ‘it ‘s the day from mercy’. None Turoyo neither Mandaic keeps forms parallel so you can ile: Turoyo harke-yo ‘he is actually here’, harke-zero ‘I was here’; Mandaic basim-ye ‘he are charming’, basim-na ‘I am charming’ (Macuch 1965, 443).
(19) The old Aramaic term to possess ‘son’, bra during the BT, might have been longer in all NENA except Hertevin from the inclusion of the diminutive suffix -ona/-una: Azerbaijan Jewish brona (Garbell 1965, 297), Jilu bruna (Fox 1992, 51), Aradhin bru:na (Krotkoff 1982, 122), Tisqopa brona (Rubba, individual communication), Zakho brona (Meehan and you can Alon 1979, 177). Yet not, one another Turoyo and Mandaic keeps an epenthetic vowel, however, no suffix: Turoyo ?abro (Jastrow 1985, 221), and Mandaic eber otherwise ebra (Macuch 1965, 520).
b) Oftentimes, Hertevin aligns which have Turoyo, up against the remainder of NENA. It does not have good CCaCa expose tense (6), has no sodir preterite (12), has no preposition ta (15), and you can uses ruh to create reflexive pronouns (14).
—–. 1965. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect out-of Persian Azerbaijan: Linguistic Studies and you can Folkloristic Messages. Janua Linguarum, series practica step 3. The newest Hague: Mouton.
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